Digital Economy and Society Index
The Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) is a composite index that summarises some 30 relevant indicators on Europe’s digital performance and tracks the evolution of EU Member States, across five main dimensions: Connectivity, Human Capital, Use of Internet, Integration of Digital Technology, Digital Public Services. Read reports and methodological notes.
The following table provides methodological information about the source, the scope and the definition of each indicator. For more details, click on the links in the table or explore the whole database.
| Indicator | Definition and scope | Time coverage | Explore more using SPARQL queries | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DESI Overall Index | ||||
| Digital Economy and Society Index |
Notation: DESI
Definition: DESI overall index, calculated as the weighted average of the five main DESI dimensions: 1 Connectivity (25%), 2 Human Capital (25%), 3 Use of Internet (15%), 4 Integration of Digital Technology (20%) and 5 Digital Public Services (15%). |
2014 - 2018 |
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| DESI Dimensions | ||||
| 1 Connectivity |
Notation: DESI_1_CONN
Definition: DESI Connectivity Dimension calculated as the weighted average of the five sub-dimensions: 1a Fixed Broadband (20%), 1b Mobile Broadband (30%), 1c Fast broadband (20%), 1d Ultrafast broadband (20%) and 1e Broadband price index (10%). |
2014 - 2018 |
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|
| 2 Human Capital |
Notation: DESI_2_HC
Definition: DESI Human Capital Dimension calculated as the weighted average of the two sub-dimensions: 2a Basic Skills and Usage (50%), 2b Advanced skills and Development (50%) |
2014 - 2018 |
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|
| 3 Use of Internet Services |
Notation: DESI_3_UI
Definition: DESI Use of Internet Dimension calculated as the weighted average of the three sub-dimensions: 3a Content (33%), 3b Communication (33%), 3c Transactions (33%) |
2014 - 2018 |
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|
| 4 Integration of Digital Technology |
Notation: DESI_4_IDT
Definition: DESI Integration of Digital Technology Dimension calculated as the weighted average of the two sub-dimensions: 4a Business digitization (60%), 4b eCommerce (40%) |
2014 - 2018 |
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|
| 5 Digital Public Services |
Notation: DESI_5_DPS
Definition: DESI Digital Public Services Dimension comprising of eGovernment (100%) |
2014 - 2018 |
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| DESI Sub-dimensions | ||||
| 1a Fixed Broadband |
Notation: DESI_1A_FBB
Definition: DESI Fixed Broadband sub-dimension calculated as the weighted average of the normalised indicators: 1a1 Fixed BB Coverage (50%), 1a2 Fixed BB Take-up (50%) |
2014 - 2018 |
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|
| 1b Mobile Broadband |
Notation: DESI_1B_MBB
Definition: DESI Mobile Broadband sub-dimension calculated as the weighted average of the normalised indicators: 1b1 4G Coverage (50%) and 1b2 Mobile BB Take-up (50%). |
2014 - 2018 |
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|
| 1c Fast Broadband |
Notation: DESI_1C_SPEED
Definition: DESI Speed sub-dimension calculated as the weighted average of the normalised indicators: 1c1 NGA Coverage (50%), 1c2 Subscriptions to Fast BB (50%) |
2014 - 2018 |
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|
| 1d Ultrafast Broadband |
Notation: DESI_1D_ULTRA
Definition: DESI Ultrafast speed sub-dimension calculated as the weighted average of the normalised indicators: 1d1 Ultrafast BB Coverage (50%), 1d2 Ultrafast BB Take-up (50%) |
2014 - 2018 |
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|
| 1e Broadband price index |
Notation: DESI_1E_BBPI
Definition: DESI Affordability sub-dimension calculated as the weighted average of the normalised indicators: 1e1 Fixed BB Price (100%) |
2014 - 2018 |
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|
| 2a Basic Skills and Usage |
Notation: DESI_2A_BSU
Definition: DESI Basic Skills and Usage sub-dimension calculated as the weighted average of the normalised indicators: 2a1 Internet Users (50%), 2a2 Basic Digital Skills (50%) |
2014 - 2018 |
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| 2b Advanced skills and Development |
Notation: DESI_2B_ASD
Definition: DESI Advanced Skills and Development sub-dimension calculated as the weighted average of the normalised indicators: 2b1 ICT Specialists (50%), 2b2 STEM Graduates (50%) |
2014 - 2018 |
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| 3a Content |
Notation: DESI_3A_CONT
Definition: DESI Content sub-dimension calculated as the weighted average of the normalised indicators: 3a1 News (25%), 3a2 Music, Videos and Games (25%), 3a3 Video on Demand (25%), 3a4 IPTV (25%) |
2014 - 2018 |
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|
| 3b Communication |
Notation: DESI_3B_COMM
Definition: DESI Communication sub-dimension calculated as the weighted average of the normalised indicators: 3b1 Video Calls (50%), 3b2 Social Networks (50%) |
2014 - 2018 |
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|
| 3c Transactions |
Notation: DESI_3C_TRANS
Definition: DESI Transactions sub-dimension calculated as the weighted average of the normalised indicators: 3c1 Banking (50%), 3c2 Shopping (50%) |
2014 - 2018 |
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|
| 4a Business digitization |
Notation: DESI_4A_BD
Definition: DESI Business Digitisation sub-dimension calculated as the weighted average of the normalised indicators: 4a1 Electronic Information Sharing (20%), 4a2 RFID (20%), 4a3 Social Media (20%), 4a4 eInvoices (20%), 4a5 Cloud (20%) Notes: DESI 2014 does not comprise the indicator 4a5 Cloud, the weights of the remaining indicators are adjusted at 25% each. |
2014 - 2018 |
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| 4b eCommerce |
Notation: DESI_4B_ECOMM
Definition: DESI eCommerce sub-dimension calculated as the weighted average of the normalised indicators: 4b1 SMEs Selling Online (33%), 4b2 eCommerce Turnover (33%), 4b3 Selling Online Cross-border (33%) |
2014 - 2018 |
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|
| 5a eGovernment |
Notation: DESI_5A_EGOV
Definition: DESI eGovernment sub-dimension calculated as the weighted average of the normalised indicators: 5a1 eGovernment Users (20%), 5a2 Pre-filled Forms (20%), 5a3 Online Service Completion (20%), 5a4 eGovernment for Businesses (20%) and 5a5 Open Data (20%) |
2014 - 2018 |
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|
| 5b eHealth |
Notation: DESI_5B_EHS
Definition: DESI eHealth sub-dimension comprising 5b1 eHealth services(100%) |
2014 - 2018 |
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|
| DESI Individual Indicators | ||||
| 1a1 Fixed BB Coverage |
Notation: DESI_1A1_FBBC
Definition: Standard fixed broadband coverage |
2014 - 2018 |
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Study on broadband coverage |
| 1a2 Fixed BB Take-up |
Notation: DESI_1A2_FBBTU
Definition: Households that have a fixed Broadband connection |
2014 - 2018 |
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Eurostat - ICT Households survey |
| 1b1 4G Coverage |
Notation: DESI_1B1_4G
Definition: Percentage of populated areas coverage by 4G - measured as the average coverage of telecom operators in each country |
2014 - 2018 |
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|
| 1b2 Mobile BB Take-up |
Notation: DESI_1B2_MBBTU
Definition: Mobile broadband take-up |
2014 - 2018 |
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Communications Committee survey |
| 1c1 NGA Coverage |
Notation: DESI_1C1_NGAC
Definition: Households covered by NGA broadband |
2014 - 2018 |
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Study on broadband coverage |
| 1c2 Fast BB take-up |
Notation: DESI_1C2_SFBB
Definition: Share of fixed broadband subscriptions >= 30 Mbps |
2014 - 2018 |
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Communications Committee survey |
| 1d1 Ultrafast BB Coverage |
Notation: DESI_1D1_UBBC
Definition: Households covered by ultrafast broadband |
2014 - 2018 |
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|
| 1d2 Ultrafast BB Take-up |
Notation: DESI_1D2_UBBTA
Definition: Share of ultra fast broadband subscriptions >= 100 Mbps |
2014 - 2018 |
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|
| 1e1 Broadband Price Index |
Notation: DESI_1E1_BBPI
Definition: Price index of twelve representative broadband baskets as the percentage of household income. The baskets include three speed categories (12-30 Mbps, 30-100Mbps and at least 100 Mbps) and four types of products (standalone internet, internet + TV, internet + fixed telephony and internet + TV + fixed telephony) |
2014 - 2018 |
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|
| 2a1 Internet Users |
Notation: DESI_2A1_IU
Definition: Individuals whose frequency of Internet access is at least once a week |
2014 - 2018 |
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Eurostat - ICT Households survey |
| 2a2 At least Basic Digital Skills |
Notation: DESI_2A2_BDS
Definition: Individuals with basic or above basic digital skills |
2014 - 2018 |
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Eurostat - ICT Households survey |
| 2b1 ICT Specialists |
Notation: DESI_2B1_ICTSPEC
Definition: Persons Employed with ICT Specialist Skills |
2014 - 2018 |
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Eurostat - Labour force survey |
| 2b2 STEM Graduates |
Notation: DESI_2B2_STEMG
Definition: Science and technology graduates |
2014 - 2018 |
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Eurostat education statistics |
| 3a1 News |
Notation: DESI_3A1_NEWS
Definition: Individuals who used the Internet to read online news sites, newspapers or news magazines |
2014 - 2018 |
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Eurostat - ICT Households survey |
| 3a2 Music, Videos and Games |
Notation: DESI_3A2_MVG
Definition: Individuals who used the Internet to play or download games, images, films or music |
2014 - 2018 |
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Eurostat - ICT Households survey |
| 3a3 Video on Demand |
Notation: DESI_3A3_VOD
Definition: Percentage of households subcribing to any form of Video on Demand |
2014 - 2018 |
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Eurostat - ICT Households survey |
| 3b1 Video Calls |
Notation: DESI_3B1_VIDCALL
Definition: Individuals who used the Internet to make telephone or video calls |
2014 - 2018 |
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Eurostat - ICT Households survey |
| 3b2 Social Networks |
Notation: DESI_3B2_SOCNET
Definition: Individuals used the Internet to participate in social networks (create user profile, post messages or other contributions to facebook, twitter, etc.) |
2014 - 2018 |
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Eurostat - ICT Households survey |
| 3c1 Banking |
Notation: DESI_3C1_BANK
Definition: Individuals who used the Internet to use online banking |
2014 - 2018 |
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Eurostat - ICT Households survey |
| 3c2 Shopping |
Notation: DESI_3C2_SHOP
Definition: Individuals who ordered goods or services online |
2014 - 2018 |
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Eurostat - ICT Households survey |
| 4a1 Electronic Information Sharing |
Notation: DESI_4A1_EIS
Definition: Enterprises who have ERP software package to share information between different functional areas |
2014 - 2018 |
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Eurostat - ICT Enterprises survey |
| 4a2 RFID |
Notation: DESI_4A2_RFID
Definition: Enterprises using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technologies for after sales product identification or as part of the production and service delivery |
2014 - 2018 |
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Eurostat - ICT Enterprises survey |
| 4a3 Social Media |
Notation: DESI_4A3_SOCMED
Definition: Enterprises that use two or more types of social media |
2014 - 2018 |
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Eurostat - ICT Enterprises survey |
| 4a4 eInvoices |
Notation: DESI_4A4_EINV
Definition: Enterprises sending e-invoices suitable for automatic processing |
2014 - 2018 |
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Eurostat - ICT Enterprises survey |
| 4a5 Cloud |
Notation: DESI_4A5_CLOUD
Definition: Buy Cloud Computing services of medium-high sophistication |
2014 - 2018 |
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Eurostat - ICT Enterprises survey |
| 4b1 SMEs Selling Online |
Notation: DESI_4B1_SMESO
Definition: Enterprises selling online (at least 1% of turnover) |
2014 - 2018 |
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Eurostat - ICT Enterprises survey |
| 4b2 eCommerce Turnover |
Notation: DESI_4B2_ECOMTURN
Definition: Enterprises' total turnover from e-commerce |
2014 - 2018 |
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Eurostat - ICT Enterprises survey |
| 4b3 Selling Online Cross-border |
Notation: DESI_4B3_SELLCB
Definition: Enterprises that did electronic sales to other EU countries |
2014 - 2018 |
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Eurostat - ICT Enterprises survey |
| 5a1 eGovernment Users |
Notation: DESI_5A1_EGOVU
Definition: Individuals sending filled forms to public authorities, over the internet, last 12 months |
2014 - 2018 |
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Eurostat - ICT Households survey |
| 5a2 Pre-filled Forms |
Notation: DESI_5A2_PREFFORM
Definition: Amount of data that is pre-filled in Public Services' online forms (Authentic sources Key Enabler indicator of eGovernment benchmark) |
2014 - 2018 |
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eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017) |
| 5a3 Online Service Completion |
Notation: DESI_5A3_OSERCOMP
Definition: Share of the steps in a Public Service life event that can be completed online (Online availability sub-indicator for User centricity of the eGovernment benchmark) |
2014 - 2018 |
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eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017) |
| 5a4 eGovernment Services for Businesses |
Notation: DESI_5A4_PSB
Definition: Share of public services needed for starting a business and for conducting regular business operations that are available online for domestic as well as for foreign users (online availability sub-indicator under the two Top-Level Benchmarks “User centricity” and “Cross border mobility”). Services provided through a portal receive an higher score, services which provide only information receive a more limited score. |
2014 - 2018 |
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eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017) |
| 5a5 Open Data |
Notation: DESI_5A5_OPENDATA
Definition: Score in the Open Data Maturity indicator. This composite indicator measures to what extent countries have an Open Data policy in place (including the transposition of the revised PSI Directive), the estimated political, social and economic impact of Open Data and the characteristics (functionalities, data availability and usage) of the national data portal. |
2014 - 2018 |
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European Data Portal |
| 5b1 eHealth |
Notation: DESI_5B1_EHS
Definition: Percentage of people who used health and care services provided online without having to go to the hospital or doctors surgery (i.e. by getting a prescription or a consultation on line) |
2014 - 2018 |
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| DESI Overall Index - weight sliders | ||||
| Digital Economy and Society Index |
Notation: DESI_SLIDERS
Definition: DESI overall index, calculated as the weighted average of the five main DESI dimensions with the weights selected by the user: 1 Connectivity, 2 Human Capital, 3 Use of Internet, 4 Integration of Digital Technology and 5 Digital Public Services. |
2014 - 2018 |
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