Digital Agenda key indicators

European Commission services selected more than 100 indicators, divided into thematic groups, which illustrate some key dimensions of the European information society (Telecom sector, Broadband, Mobile, Internet usage, Internet services, eGovernment, eCommerce, eBusiness, ICT Skills, Research and Development). These indicators allow a comparison of progress across European countries as well as over time. Multiple interactive charts allow you to assess countries' profiles.

The following table provides methodological information about the source, the scope and the definition of each indicator. For more details, click on the links in the table or explore the whole database.

Indicator	Definition and scope	Time coverage	Explore more using SPARQL queries	Source
Telecom sector
Total revenues of the electronic communications sector	Notation: tel_rev Definition: Total includes wholesale and retail revenues from electronic communications perceived in the reference year by all telecom operators (VAT excluded)	2009 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	Communications Committee survey
Total investment in networks by the electronic communications sector	Notation: tel_inv Definition: Total investment includes both tangible and intangible investment in telecommunication networks (without license fees) by all telecom operators	2009 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	Communications Committee survey
Fixed voice termination rate	Notation: tel_ftr Definition: Wholesale call termination charges of the incumbent operator in fixed voice tecephony for local calls	2012 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Communications Committee survey
Local Loop Unbundling: total monthly charge	Notation: tel_llu Definition: The monthly total wholesale cost for Local Loop Unbundling charged by incumbent operators, Calculated as the sum of the monthly charge and 1/36 of the conncetion fee	2012 - 2016	Find countries Find breakdowns	Communications Committee survey
Broadband take-up and coverage
Standard fixed broadband coverage/availability (as a % of households)	Notation: bb_scov Definition: Coverage is a supply indicator defined as the percentage of Households living in areas served by xDSL, cable (basic and NGA), FTTP or WiMax networks	2011 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Point Topic Study on broadband coverage
Rural standard fixed broadband coverage (as a % of households)	Notation: bb_srcov Definition: Coverage is a supply indicator defined as the percentage of Households living in areas served by xDSL, cable (basic and NGA), FTTP or WiMax networks. Rural areas are defined as those with less than 100 people per km2.	2011 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Point Topic Study on broadband coverage
NGA broadband coverage/availability (as a % of households)	Notation: bb_ngacov Definition: Coverage is a supply indicator defined as the percentage of Households living in areas served by NGA. Next Generation Access includes the following technologies: FTTH, FTTB, Cable Docsis 3.0, VDSL and other superfast broadband (at least 30 Mbps download)	2011 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Point Topic Study on broadband coverage
Fixed broadband subscriptions	Notation: bb_lines Definition: Number of fixed broadband subscriptions (lines).	2004 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Communications Committee survey
Fixed broadband take-up (subscriptions/100 people)	Notation: bb_penet Definition: Number of fixed broadband subscriptions (lines) per 100 people. Penetration of fixed broadband.	2004 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Communications Committee survey
New entrants' share in fixed broadband subscriptions	Notation: bb_ne Definition: Market share based on fixed broadband subscriptions (lines). New entrants mean operators that did not enjoy special and exclusive rights or de facto monopoly for the provision of voice telephony services before the liberalisation.	2004 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Communications Committee survey
DSL subscriptions share in fixed broadband	Notation: bb_dsl Definition: Share of DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) in total fixed broadband subscriptions.	2004 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Communications Committee survey
Households having a broadband connection	Notation: h_broad Definition: Broadband connection used by the household includes: DSL, wired fixed (cable, fiber, Ethernet, PLC), fixed wireless (satellite, WiFi, WiMax) and mobile wireless (3G/UMTS). Notes: Scope includes Households with at least one member aged 16-74.	2003 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15b_h: Broadband and connectivity - households
Households with fixed broadband connection	Notation: h_bbfix Definition: Household internet connection type: fixed broadband	2010 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15b_h: Broadband and connectivity - households
Enterprises having a fixed broadband connection	Notation: e_broad Definition: Fixed broadband connections include DSL, xDSL, cable leased lines, Frame Relay, Metro-Ethernet, PLC-Powerline communications, fixed wireless connections, etc. Notes: Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Breaks in series because until 2008 economic activities according to NACE Rev 1.1 and from 2009 data are based on NACE Rev.2. Since 2010 data include also sector S 95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment.	2003 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ci_eu_en2: Computers and the internet: enterprises - summary of EU aggregates (NACE Rev. 2 activity)
Enterprises having a fast fixed broadband connection	Notation: e_ispdf_ge30 Definition: The maximum contracted download speed of the fastest fixed internet connection is at least 30 Mb/s	2014 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ci_eu_en2: Computers and the internet: enterprises - summary of EU aggregates (NACE Rev. 2 activity)
Fibre to the Premises coverage/availability (as a % of households)	Notation: bb_fttpcov Definition: Coverage is a supply indicator defined as the percentage of Households living in areas served by FTTP	2011 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Point Topic Study on broadband coverage
Rural Fibre to the Premises coverage/availability (as a % of households)	Notation: bb_rfttpcov Definition: Coverage is a supply indicator defined as the percentage of Households living in areas served by FTTP. Rural areas are defined as those with less than 100 people per km2.	2011 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Point Topic Study on broadband coverage
Rural NGA broadband coverage/availability (as a % of households)	Notation: bb_rngacov Definition: Coverage is a supply indicator defined as the percentage of Households living in areas served by NGA. Next Generation Access includes the following technologies: FTTH, FTTB, Cable Docsis 3.0, VDSL and other superfast broadband (at least 30 Mbps download). Rural areas are defined as those with less than 100 people per km2.	2011 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Point Topic Study on broadband coverage
The speed of the fixed connection to internet is not sufficient for the actual needs of the enterprise	Notation: e_ispdfokx Definition: Number of enterprises reporting that the speed of the fixed connection(s) to the internet is usually not sufficient for the actual needs of the enterprise Notes: Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Breaks in series because until 2008 economic activities according to NACE Rev 1.1 and from 2009 data are based on NACE Rev.2. Since 2010 data include also sector S 95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment.	2017 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns
The speed of the fixed connection to internet (at least 100 Mb/s) is not sufficient for the actual needs of the enterprise	Notation: e_ispdfokx_ge100 Definition: Number of enterprises reporting that the speed of the fixed connection(s) to the internet (at least 100 Mb/s) is usually not sufficient for the actual needs of the enterprise Notes: Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Breaks in series because until 2008 economic activities according to NACE Rev 1.1 and from 2009 data are based on NACE Rev.2. Since 2010 data include also sector S 95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment.	2017 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns
Broadband speeds and prices
Share of fixed broadband subscriptions >= 2 Mbps - Advertised download speed	Notation: bb_speed2 Definition: Based on advertised download speeds.	2007 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Communications Committee survey
Share of fixed broadband subscriptions >= 10 Mbps - Advertised download speed	Notation: bb_speed10 Definition: Based on advertised download speeds.	2007 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Communications Committee survey
Share of fixed broadband subscriptions >= 30 Mbps - Advertised download speed	Notation: bb_speed30 Definition: Based on advertised download speeds.	2010 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Communications Committee survey
Share of fixed broadband subscriptions >= 100 Mbps - Advertised download speed	Notation: bb_speed100 Definition: Based on advertised download speeds.	2010 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Communications Committee survey
Actual download speed of fixed broadband subscriptions	Notation: actspeed Definition: Average Download Speed during peak periods (ACTSPEED), measured with a specially configured hardware device (SamKnows Whitebox), which runs a series of purpose-built tests to measure various aspect of Internet performance. The measured speed refers to a sample of subscriptions using a similar technology offered by internet service providers. Offers are not weigthed with market shares, so the measured speed cannot be interpreted as the average experienced by consumers.	2012 - 2014	Find countries Find breakdowns	Study on "Quality of Broadband Services in the EU” SMART 2010/0036
Monthly price of standalone internet access	Notation: Price_Internet_only Definition: Monthly price of standalone Fixed Broadband Internet Access offers, including value added tax, excluding the additional cost of telephony or cable line (if any). The minimum and median prices refer to the group of similar subscriptions offered by internet service providers. Offers are not weigthed with market shares, so the offers' median price cannot be interpreted as the median price paid by consumers. Notes: If no data is present for a country, it is because no corresponding offers have been found on the national market.	2007 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	Broadband Internet Access Cost (BIAC) annual studies
Monthly price of Fixed Broadband Internet Access offers including Fixed Telephony	Notation: Price_Internet_Fixed_Tel Definition: Monthly price of Fixed Broadband Internet Access offers including Fixed Telephony, including value added tax, excluding the aditional cost of telephony or cable line (if any). The minimum and median prices refer to the group of similar subscriptions offered by internet service providers. Offers are not weigthed with market shares, so the offers' median price cannot be interpreted as the median price paid by consumers. Notes: If no data is present for a country, it is because no corresponding offers have been found on the national market.	2007 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	Broadband Internet Access Cost (BIAC) annual studies
Monthly price of Internet Acccess + Fixed Telephony + TV bundles	Notation: Price_Internet_Fixed_Tel_TV Definition: Monthly price of Fixed Broadband Internet Access offers including Fixed Telephony and TV (analogue or digital television service), including value added tax, excluding the aditional cost of telephony or cable line (if any). The minimum and median prices refer to the group of similar subscriptions offered by internet service providers. Offers are not weigthed with market shares, so the offers' median price cannot be interpreted as the median price paid by consumers. Notes: If no data is present for a country, it is because no corresponding offers have been found on the national market.	2007 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	Broadband Internet Access Cost (BIAC) annual studies
Affordability of standalone Fixed Internet Access (minimum price offer)	Notation: Afford_Internet_only_minPPP Definition: Affordability is defined as 12 times the monthly price divided by the "real adjusted gross disposable income of households per capita" of the previous year. Disposable income data come from Eurostat table tec00113. Monthly price of standalone Fixed Broadband Internet Access offers, include value added tax, exclude the additional cost of telephony or cable line (if any), and refers to the minimum price in the group of similar subscriptions offered by internet service providers (see the original indicator).	2013 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	Broadband Internet Access Cost (BIAC) annual studies
Households that have no access to Internet at home, because the costs are too high	Notation: h_xcost Definition: Households that have no access to Internet at home, because the costs are too high	2011 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat - ICT Households survey
Mobile market
Advanced 3G mobile broadband (HSPA) coverage (as a % of households)	Notation: mbb_hspacov Definition: Coverage is a supply indicator defined as the percentage of Households living in areas covered by advanced third generation mobile broadband (HSPA protocol)	2011 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Point Topic Study on broadband coverage
4G mobile broadband (LTE) coverage (as a % of households)	Notation: mbb_ltecov Definition: Coverage is a supply indicator defined as the percentage of Households living in areas covered by advanced fourth generation mobile broadband (LTE protocol)	2011 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Point Topic Study on broadband coverage
Total number of subscriptions (SIM cards)	Notation: mob_subs Definition: Mobile subscriptions are defined as the number of active SIM cards. It includes both voice and data services, installed in telephones, modem, usb keys or other devices.	2009 - 2016	Find countries Find breakdowns	Communications Committee survey
Take-up of mobile - active SIM cards for voice or data	Notation: mob_penet Definition: Number of active SIM cards divided by population. It includes both voice and data services, installed in telephones, modem, usb keys or other devices.	2009 - 2016	Find countries Find breakdowns	Communications Committee survey
Take-up of mobile broadband (subscriptions/100 people)	Notation: mbb_penet Definition: Mobile Broadband penetration is defined as the number of active mobile broadband SIM cards per 100 people.	2008 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Communications Committee survey
Market share of leading operator (in % of active SIM cards)	Notation: mob_ms Definition: Market share of the market leader based on the number of active SIM cards	2009 - 2016	Find countries Find breakdowns	Communications Committee survey
Individuals accessing the Internet through a mobile phone via UMTS (3G)	Notation: i_iu3g Definition: Individuals using a mobile phone or smart phone to access the internet, in the last 3 months. Since 2011 the question specify "away from home or work". Until 2012 the question was limited to "via UMTS, HSDPA (3G or 3G+) connections". Notes: Break in series in 2011 and 2012 as the structure of the question has changed. Reconstructed time series using Eurostat variables: i_iu3g, i_iu3G1, i_iuhd_mph, i_iump_mph	2006 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ci_im_i: Mobile internet access - individuals
Enterprises providing portable devices to some of their persons employed	Notation: e_pmd Definition: The devices (portable computers, tablets, smartphones, PDA phones, etc.) should be provided for business use and the enterprises pay for all or at least up to a limit the subscription and the use costs. Notes: The 2011 question was limited to portable devices using at least 3G technology to connect to the internet. Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector.	2011 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15b_e: Broadband and connectivity - enterprises
Average Revenue per User (ARPU) in the Retail Mobile Market	Notation: mob_arpu Definition: Total retail mobile revenues divided by number of active SIM cards	2010 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	Communications Committee survey
Mobile roaming price per minute	Notation: mob_roam Definition: Average retail price per minute (in €-cents) on Eurotariff for intra-EEA roaming voice calls made	2007 - 2014	Find countries Find breakdowns	International Roaming BEREC Benchmark Data Report
Spectrum assigned for wireless broadband in EU harmonised bands	Notation: spectrum_WBB Definition: Amount of spectrum assigned by Member States for wireless mobile broadband comunications (WBB) within the ranges harmonised by the European Union. Charts allow to compare with the total value of EU HARMONISED bands and with a simple EU AVERAGE of countries assignements. The policy target is to harmonise and assign 1200 MHz to WBB.	2013 - 2016	Find countries Find breakdowns	ECO Report 03
Mobile voice termination rate	Notation: mob_mtr Definition: Wholesale call termination charges in mobile voice tecephony	2004 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Communications Committee survey
Rural advanced 3G mobile broadband (HSPA) coverage (as a % of households)	Notation: mbb_rhspacov Definition: Coverage is a supply indicator defined as the percentage of Households living in areas covered by advanced third generation mobile broadband (HSPA protocol). Rural areas are defined as those with less than 100 people per km2.	2011 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Point Topic Study on broadband coverage
Rural 4G mobile broadband (LTE) coverage (as a % of households)	Notation: mbb_rltecov Definition: Coverage is a supply indicator defined as the percentage of Households living in areas covered by advanced fourth generation mobile broadband (LTE protocol). Rural areas are defined as those with less than 100 people per km2.	2011 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Point Topic Study on broadband coverage
Internet usage
Households with access to the Internet at home	Notation: h_iacc Definition: Any member of the household has access to the Internet at home Notes: Scope includes Households with at least one member aged 16-74.	2002 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15b_h: Broadband and connectivity - households
Individuals who have used internet in the last 3 months	Notation: i_iu3	2002 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ci_ifp_iu: Internet use - individuals
Individuals who have used internet in the last 12 months	Notation: i_ilt12	2003 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ci_ifp_iu: Internet use - individuals
Individuals who are regular internet users (at least once a week)	Notation: i_iuse Definition: Individuals using the internet at least once a week in the last 3 months.	2003 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ci_ifp_fu: Frequency of internet use - individuals
Individuals who are frequent internet users (every day or almost every day)	Notation: i_iday Definition: Individuals using the internet every day or almost every day, in the last 3 months.	2003 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15cua: Internet use and activities
Individuals using a laptop/tablet to access the internet, away from home or work	Notation: i_iumc Definition: Individuals using a portable computer (laptop) to access the internet away from home or work via any wireless connection (WiFi or cellular networks), in the last 3 months. Since 2012 the question explicitly mention also tablet computer (with touch screen). Notes: Break in series in 2011 and 2012 as the structure of the question has changed. Reconstructed time series using Eurostat varibales: i_iuport, i_iuport1, i_iumc	2007 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ci_im_i: Mobile internet access - individuals
Individuals who have never used the internet	Notation: i_iux	2005 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ci_ifp_iu: Internet use - individuals
Diversification index for the activities realised online by internet users	Notation: i_ia12ave Definition: The diversification index is based on counting how many activities, out of a list of 12, have been realised at least once in the previous months. It is computed at individual level for those individuals having used internet in the last 3 months. Notes: The 12 activities included in the index are: sending/receiving e-mails, information about goods and services, reading online newspapers/news, information on travel/accommodation services, posting messages to social media, interaction with public authorities, internet banking, telephoning or video calls, selling goods or services, purchases of content (films,music,software,etc), purchase of goods, purchase of services.	2009 - 2014	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15cua: Internet use and activities
IPv6 readiness - websites having a AAAA coverage in DNS records (as % of most visited websites)	Notation: AAAA_cov Definition: IPv6 ready websites are those having at least one AAAA in their DNS records (means the website is visible/can reply to users having an IPv6 connectivity). Tests are done every trimester through a script run by the IPv6 Observatory study on the 1 million most visited websites list provided by Alexa. Websites are attributed to countries on the basis of their main operation location as provided by MaxMind GeoIP database.	2012 - 2014	Find countries Find breakdowns	EC - IPv6 Observatory
Audiovisual & media content
reading / downloading online newspapers / news magazines	Notation: i_iunw Definition: Individuals have used Internet, in the last 3 months, for reading / downloading online newspapers / news magazines	2002 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15cua: Internet use and activities
playing or downloading games, images, films or music	Notation: i_iugm Definition: Individuals have used Internet, in the last 3 months, for playing or downloading games, images films or music Notes: Biennial indicator not collected in 2011	2002 - 2016	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15cua: Internet use and activities
Households subscribed to Video on Demand	Notation: vod Definition: Percentage of households subscribing to any form of Video on Demand; EU average calculated as the average of the 26 MS (for which data is available) weighted by the number of households in each of them in 2013	2013 - 2014	Find countries Find breakdowns	IHS TV Media Intelligence
Individuals watching video on demand from commercial services	Notation: i_iuvod Definition: Individuals watching video on demand from commercial services	2016 - 2016	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ci_ac_i: Internet activities - individuals
Take up of internet services
looking for information about goods and services online	Notation: i_iuif Definition: Individuals have used Internet, in the last 3 months, for finding information about goods and services	2002 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ci_ac_i: Internet activities - individuals
using online banking	Notation: i_iubk Definition: Individuals have used Internet, in the last 3 months, for Internet banking	2003 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ci_ac_i: Internet activities - individuals
telephoning or video calls (via webcam) over the internet	Notation: I_IUPH1 Notes: Biennial indicator. Break in time series between 2007 and 2008 because of new wording. Reconstructed time series using Eurostat varibales: i_iuph and i_iuph1.	2002 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15cua: Internet use and activities
uploading self-created content to be shared	Notation: i_iuupl Definition: Individuals have used Internet, in the last 3 months, for uploading self-created content (text, images, photos, videos, music, etc.) Notes: Biennial indicator not collected in 2011.	2008 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15cua: Internet use and activities
participating in social networks, over the internet, last 3 months	Notation: i_iusnet Definition: Individuals have used Internet, in the last 3 months, for participating in social networks (creating user profile, posting messages or other contributions to facebook, twitter, etc.)	2011 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15cua: Internet use and activities
looking online for a job or sending a job application	Notation: i_iujob Definition: Individuals have used Internet, in the last 3 months, for looking for a job or sending a job application	2003 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15cua: Internet use and activities
doing an online course (in any subject)	Notation: i_iuolc Definition: Individuals have used Internet, in the last 3 months, for doing an online course (of any subject)	2007 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15cua: Internet use and activities
looking online for information about education, training or course offers	Notation: i_iueduif Definition: Individuals have used Internet, in the last 3 months, for looking for information about education, training or course offers	2007 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ci_ac_i: Internet activities - individuals
taking part in on-line consultations or voting to define civic or political issues	Notation: i_iuvote Definition: Individuals have used Internet, in the last 3 months, for taking part in on-line consultations or voting to define civic or political issues (e.g. urban planning, signing a petition) Notes: Biennial indicator not collected in 2012.	2011 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15cua: Internet use and activities
Used internet storage space to save documents, pictures, music, video or other files	Notation: i_cc Definition: Used internet storage space to save documents, pictures, music, video or other files	2014 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_cicce_use: Cloud computing services
eGovernment
Individuals interacting online with public authorities, last 12 months	Notation: i_iugov12 Definition: Individuals have used Internet, in the last 12 months, for interaction with public authorities. It includes obtaining information from public authorities web sites, OR downloading official forms OR sending filled in forms.	2008 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_r_gov_i: Individuals who used the internet for interaction with public authorities
Individuals submitting completed forms to public authorities, over the internet, last 12 months	Notation: i_igov12rt	2008 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_r_gov_i: Individuals who used the internet for interaction with public authorities
Online Service Completion	Notation: e_gov_osc Definition: Share of the steps in a Public Service life event that can be completed online (Online availability sub-indicator for User centricity of the eGovernment benchmark)	2013 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking reports 2012-2014
Pre-filled forms	Notation: e_gov_pff Definition: Amount of data that is pre-filled in Public Services' online forms (Authentic sources Key Enabler indicator of eGovernment benchmark)	2013 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking reports 2012-2014
1 User Centricity	Notation: e_gov_1_UCG Definition: The extent to which (information about) a public service is provided online, how the online journey is supported and if public websites are mobile friendly. Notes: Composite indicator: (2016-2017) weighted average of Online availability (67%), Usability (22%) and Mobile Friendliness (11%). (2012-2015) weighted average of Online availability (67%), Usability (17%), Ease of Use (8%) and Speed of Use (8%) Break in series in 2016 (no data displayed for breakdown:Total 2016).	2012 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
2 Transparency	Notation: e_gov_2_TG Definition: The extent to which governments are transparent with regard to: a) the process of public service delivery b) their own responsibilities and performance c) the personal data involved in service delivery This top-level benchmark evaluates the transparency of government authorities’ operations, service delivery procedures as well as with regard to the consultation of personal data by public administrations. Notes: Composite indicator: simple average of (Transparency) Service Delivery, Public Organisations and Personal Data	2012 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
3 Citizen Mobility	Notation: e_gov_3_CM Definition: The extent to which public services that are aimed at foreign citizens are available online, usable, and implement eID and eDocument capabilities Notes: Composite indicator: (2016-2017) weighted average of (Citizen Mobility) Online Availability (50%), Usability (25%), eID Cross Borders (12%) and eDocuments Cross Borders (12%). (2012-2015) weighted average of (Citizen Mobility) Online Availability (67%), Usability (17%), Ease of Use (8%) and Speed of Use (8%) Break in series in 2016 (no data displayed for breakdown:Total 2016).	2012 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
4 Business Mobility	Notation: e_gov_4_BM Definition: The extent to which public services that are aimed at foreign businesses are available online, usable, and implement eID and eDocument capabilities Notes: Composite indicator: (2016-2017) weighted average of (Business Mobility) Online Availability (50%), Usability (25%), eID Cross Borders (12%) and eDocuments Cross Borders (12%). (2012-2015) weighted average of (Business Mobility) Online Availability (67%), Usability (17%), Ease of Use (8%) and Speed of Use (8%) Break in series in 2016 (no data displayed for breakdown:Total 2016).	2012 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
5 Key Enablers	Notation: e_gov_5_KE Definition: The extent to which technical pre-conditions for eGovernment service provision are used. The key enablers used for measuring the quality of the services to businesses and citizens are: a) Electronic Identification (eID) b) Electronic Documents (eDocuments) c) Authentic Sources d) Digital Post e) eSafe (now discontinued) f) Single Sign On (SSO) (now discontinued) Notes: Composite indicator: (2016-2017) simple average of eID, eDocuments, Authentic Sources and Digital Post. (2012-2015) simple average of eID, eDocuments, Authentic Sources, eSafe and Single Sign On. Break in series in 2016 as the eSafe and Single Sign On are discontinued and Digital Post is added.	2012 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
1a User Centricity - Online availability	Notation: e_gov_1a_UCG_OA Definition: The extent to which a Public Service or information concerning the public service is provided online, and via a portal.	2012 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
1b User Centricity - Usability	Notation: e_gov_1b_UCG_US Definition: Indicates if support, help and (interactive) feedback functionalities for the online public service are available.	2012 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
1c User Centricity - Mobile Friendliness	Notation: e_gov_1c_UCG_MF Definition: The ability to provide public services through a mobile-friendly interface; an interface that is ‘adapted’ to the mobile device. The data collection for this indicator is done via an automated tool. Notes: The new key enabler “Mobile Friendliness” was introduced in 2016. Mobile friendliness was also measured in 2014 and 2015 as proof-of-concept indicator. It was not part of the calculation of the User Centricity Benchmark in those years, but presented as separate index. In 2016, mobile friendliness of both individual services’ websites as well as generic portals is integrated as a component of the Online Usability and User Centricity composite indicators.	2016 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
1d User Centricity - Ease of Use	Notation: e_gov_1d_UCG_EU Definition: Quality assessment by researchers indicating how intuitively and smoothly the online process steps for obtaining a public service can be completed. It assesses the extent to which the user achieved his/her goal, understood what he/she was supposed to do for obtaining the service, he/she found the succession of the process steps logical and he/she was actively engaged to improve the service. Notes: This indicator has been discontinued starting from 2016	2012 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
1e User Centricity - Speed of Use	Notation: e_gov_1e_UCG_SU Definition: Quality assessment researchers indicating if the online process steps for obtaining a public service could be completed within reasonable amount of time. It assesses the extent to which citizens or businesses are able to submit information to the authority (or information was pre-filled), the time needed to obtain the service and the extent to which the services were structured efficiently. Notes: This indicator has been discontinued starting from 2016	2012 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
2a Transparency - Service delivery	Notation: e_gov_2a_TG_SD Definition: The extent to which public administrations inform users about the public service itself, setting expectations on timeliness, process and delivery for citizens and entrepreneurs from the moment a user request a service until the service is delivered.	2012 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
2b Transparency - Public organisations	Notation: e_gov_2b_TG_PO Definition: The extent to which public administrations publish information about their organisations (e.g. finance, organisational structure and responsibilities), and about their activities (e.g. the decision-making processes and regulations).	2012 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
2c Transparency - Personal data	Notation: e_gov_2c_TG_PD Definition: The extent to which governments proactively inform users about how, when, and by whom their personal data is being processed Notes: In 2016, an additional question was added to the questionnaire for this indicator.	2012 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
3a Citizen Mobility - Online availability	Notation: e_gov_3a_CM_OA Definition: The extent to which a public service (or information concerning the service) aimed at foreign citizens is available online.	2012 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
3b Citizen Mobility - Usability	Notation: e_gov_3b_CM_US Definition: Online support and help features on services aimed at foreign citizens.	2012 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
3c Citizen Mobility - eID Cross Borders	Notation: e_gov_3c_CM_EIDCB Definition: The possibility of using a foreign eID for accessing citizen services. Notes: New indicator, introduced in 2016.	2016 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
3d Citizen Mobility - eDocuments Cross Borders	Notation: e_gov_3d_CM_EDOCCB Definition: The possibility of sending/receiving eDocuments for a foreigner using citizen services Notes: New indicator, introduced in 2016.	2016 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
3e Citizen Mobility - Ease of Use	Notation: e_gov_3e_CM_EU Definition: Quality assessment by researchers indicating how intuitively and smoothly the online process steps for obtaining a public service can be completed by a foreign citizen. It assesses the extent to which the user achieved his/her goal, understood what he/she was supposed to do for obtaining the service, he/she found the succession of the process steps logical and he/she was actively engaged to improve the service. Notes: This indicator has been discontinued starting from 2016	2012 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
3f Citizen Mobility - Speed of Use	Notation: e_gov_3f_CM_SU Definition: Quality assessment researchers indicating if the online process steps for obtaining a public service could be completed within reasonable amount of time by a foreign citizen. It assesses the extent to which (foreign) citizens are able to submit information to the authority (or information was pre-filled), the time needed to obtain the service and the extent to which the services were structured efficiently. Notes: This indicator has been discontinued starting from 2016	2012 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
4a Business Mobility - Online availability	Notation: e_gov_4a_BM_OA Definition: The extent to which a public service (or information concerning the service) aimed at foreign businesses is available online.	2012 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
4b Business Mobility - Usability	Notation: e_gov_4b_BM_US Definition: Online support and help features on services aimed at foreign businesses.	2012 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
4c Business Mobility - eID Cross Borders	Notation: e_gov_4c_BM_EIDCB Definition: The possibility of using a foreign eID for accessing business services. Notes: New indicator, introduced in 2016.	2016 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
4d Business Mobility - eDocuments Cross Borders	Notation: e_gov_4d_BM_EDOCCB Definition: The possibility of sending/receiving eDocuments for a foreigner using business services Notes: New indicator, introduced in 2016.	2016 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
4e Business Mobility - Ease of Use	Notation: e_gov_4e_BM_EU Definition: Quality assessment by researchers indicating how intuitively and smoothly the online process steps for obtaining a public service can be completed by a foreign business. It assesses the extent to which the user achieved his/her goal, understood what he/she was supposed to do for obtaining the service, he/she found the succession of the process steps logical and he/she was actively engaged to improve the service. Notes: This indicator has been discontinued starting from 2016	2012 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
4f Business Mobility - Speed of Use	Notation: e_gov_4f_BM_SU Definition: Quality assessment researchers indicating if the online process steps for obtaining a public service could be completed within reasonable amount of time by a foreign business. It assesses the extent to which (foreign) businesses are able to submit information to the authority (or information was pre-filled), the time needed to obtain the service and the extent to which the services were structured efficiently. Notes: This indicator has been discontinued starting from 2016	2012 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
5a Key Enablers - eID	Notation: e_gov_5a_KE_EID Definition: Electronic Identification (eID) is a government-issued document for online identification, and authentication.	2012 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
5b Key Enablers - eDocuments	Notation: e_gov_5b_KE_EDOC Definition: A document which has been authenticated by its issuer using any means recognised under applicable national law, specifically through the use of electronic signatures, e.g. not a regular pdf or word document.	2012 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
5c Key Enablers - Authentic sources	Notation: e_gov_5c_KE_AS Definition: Authentic Sources are base registries used by governments to automatically validate or fetch data relating to citizens or businesses.	2012 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
5d Key Enablers - Digital Post	Notation: e_gov_5d_KE_DP Definition: Assesses whether public authorities allow citizens to receive communications digitally only, and hence reducing paper mailings. Digital Post refers to the possibility that governments communicate electronically-only with citizens or entrepreneurs through e.g. personal mailboxes or other digital post solutions. Notes: New indicator, introduced in 2016.	2016 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
5e Key Enablers - eSafe	Notation: e_gov_5e_KE_ESAFE Definition: A virtual repository for storing, administering and sharing personal electronic data and documents. It can be used to securely store personal documents in public service processes. Notes: This indicator has been discontinued starting from 2016	2012 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
5f Key Enablers - Single Sign On (SSO)	Notation: e_gov_5f_KE_SSO Definition: A functionality that allows users to get access to multiple websites without the need to log in multiple times. Notes: This indicator has been discontinued starting from 2016	2012 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Report, Studies for the EC performed by Capgemini (2012-2017)
eCommerce
Individuals ordering goods or services online	Notation: i_blt12 Definition: Individuals carrying out this activity over the internet in the last 12 months, for private use.	2004 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ec_ibuy: Internet purchases by individuals
Individuals ordering goods or services online, from sellers from other EU countries	Notation: i_bfeu Definition: Individuals that ordered goods or services for private use over the Internet in the last 12 months from sellers from other EU countries	2008 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15cbc: E-banking and e-commerce
Individuals ordering physical goods online	Notation: i_bpgood Definition: Individuals that have ordered online any of the following physical goods: food/groceries, household goods, medicine, clothes/sports, computer hardware, electronic equipment.	2009 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ec_ibuy: Internet purchases by individuals
Individuals ordering services online	Notation: i_bserv Definition: Individuals that have ordered online any of the following services: telecommunications services, share/insurance/financial, holiday accomodation, travel arrangements, tickets for events.	2009 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ec_ibuy: Internet purchases by individuals
Individuals ordering content or software that were delivered or upgraded online	Notation: i_bgoodo Definition: The online content and software include: films, music, books, magazines, e-learning material, computer software, video games, that were ordered/bought over the Internet in the last 12 months, for non-work use.	2005 - 2014	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ec_ibuy: Internet purchases by individuals
Individuals ordering content or software delivered online or offline	Notation: i_bgood Definition: Online purchases: films/music or books/magazines/e-learning material or computer software	2005 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ec_ibuy: Internet purchases by individuals
Individuals selling goods or services online (e.g. via auctions)	Notation: i_iusell Definition: Individuals have used Internet, in the last 3 months, for selling goods and services (e.g. via auctions)	2002 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_r_iuse_i: Individuals who used the internet, frequency of use and activities
Individuals who did not encounter problems when buying/ordering goods or services over the internet for private use	Notation: i_barr1x Definition: Individuals who had no problems buying/ordering goods or services over the internet for private use	2015 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	eurostat table isoc_ec_iprb
Enterprises using any computer network for sales (at least 1%)	Notation: e_esell Definition: The sales realised, during the previous calendar year, via any computer networks should represent at least 1% of the total turnover value (in monetary terms, excluding VAT). Computer networks include websites, EDI-type systems and other means of electronic data transfer, excluding manually typed e-mails. Notes: Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Breaks in series because until 2008 economic activities according to NACE Rev 1.1 and from 2009 data are based on NACE Rev.2. Since 2010 data include also sector S 95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment.	2003 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ec_eseln2: Enterprises selling via internet and/or networks other than internet (NACE Rev. 2 activity)
Total electronic sales by enterprises, as a % of their total turnover	Notation: e_eturn Definition: The value of sales realised, during the previous calendar year, via any computer networks in % of the total turnover value (in monetary terms, excluding VAT). Computer networks include websites, EDI-type systems and other means of electronic data transfer, excluding manually typed e-mails. Notes: Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Breaks in series because until 2008 economic activities according to NACE Rev 1.1 and from 2009 data are based on NACE Rev.2. Since 2010 data include also sector S 95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment.	2003 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ci_eu_en2: Computers and the internet: enterprises - summary of EU aggregates (NACE Rev. 2 activity)
Enterprises having done electronic sales to other EU countries in the last calender year	Notation: e_aeseu Definition: The sales have been realised, during the previous calendar year, via any computer networks (in monetary terms, excluding VAT). Computer networks include websites, EDI-type systems and other means of electronic data transfer, excluding manually typed e-mails. Notes: Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Breaks in series because until 2008 economic activities according to NACE Rev 1.1 and from 2009 data are based on NACE Rev.2. Since 2010 data include also sector S 95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment.	2009 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ec_eseln2: Enterprises selling via internet and/or networks other than internet (NACE Rev. 2 activity)
Enterprises exploiting the "Businees to Consumers" opportunities of web sales	Notation: E_AWS_GT1_B2C_GT10WS Definition: Enterprises where web sales are more than 1% of total turnover and B2C web sales more than 10% of the web sales Notes: Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Breaks in series because since 2010 data include also sector S 95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment.	2013 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ec_eseln2: Enterprises selling via internet and/or networks other than internet (NACE Rev. 2 activity)
Enterprises using their own website or apps for sales	Notation: e_aws_cown Definition: Share of enterprises that, during the previous calendar year, received orders for goods or services via their own website or apps. Notes: Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Breaks in series because until 2008 economic activities according to NACE Rev 1.1 and from 2009 data are based on NACE Rev.2. Since 2010 data include also sector S 95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment.	2017 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns
Sells via marketplace as a pecentage of turnover	Notation: e_awsval_cmp Definition: The value of sales made during the previous calendar year, via an e-Commerce marketplace in % of the total turnover value (in monetary terms, excluding VAT). Notes: Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Breaks in series because until 2008 economic activities according to NACE Rev 1.1 and from 2009 data are based on NACE Rev.2. Since 2010 data include also sector S 95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment.	2017 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns
Enterprises selling via a website or apps by geographical location of the costumer	Notation: e_aws Definition: Share of the enterprises that, during the previous calendar year, received orders by costumers located in the own country, other EU countries or the rest of the world Notes: Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Breaks in series because until 2008 economic activities according to NACE Rev 1.1 and from 2009 data are based on NACE Rev.2. Since 2010 data include also sector S 95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment.	2011 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns
Enterprises selling over 25% via a website or apps	Notation: e_wsel25 Definition: The sales made via website or apps, during the previous calendar year, should represent at least 25% of the total turnover value (in monetary terms, excluding VAT). Notes: Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Breaks in series because until 2008 economic activities according to NACE Rev 1.1 and from 2009 data are based on NACE Rev.2. Since 2010 data include also sector S 95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment.	2011 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns
Enterprises using e-Commerce marketplace for sales	Notation: e_aws_cmp Definition: Share of enterprises that, during the previous calendar year, received orders for goods or services via an e-Commerce marketplace Notes: Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Breaks in series because until 2008 economic activities according to NACE Rev 1.1 and from 2009 data are based on NACE Rev.2. Since 2010 data include also sector S 95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment.	2017 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns
Sells via own website or apps as a pecentage of turnover	Notation: e_awsval_cown Definition: The value of sales made during the previous calendar year, via their own website or apps in % of the total turnover value (in monetary terms, excluding VAT). Notes: Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Breaks in series because until 2008 economic activities according to NACE Rev 1.1 and from 2009 data are based on NACE Rev.2. Since 2010 data include also sector S 95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment.	2017 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns
Enterprises selling over 50% via a website or apps	Notation: e_wsel50 Definition: The sales made via website or apps, during the previous calendar year, should represent at least 50% of the total turnover value (in monetary terms, excluding VAT). Notes: Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Breaks in series because until 2008 economic activities according to NACE Rev 1.1 and from 2009 data are based on NACE Rev.2. Since 2010 data include also sector S 95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment.	2011 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns
eBusiness
Enterprises that share internally electronic information with an ERP	Notation: E_ERP1 Definition: Have in use an ERP-Enterprise resource planning software package, to share information between different functional areas (e.g. accounting, planning, production, marketing). Notes: Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Breaks in series because until 2008 economic activities according to NACE Rev 1.1 and from 2009 data are based on NACE Rev.2. Since 2010 data include also sector S 95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment. Break in series in 2012 due to different wording of the question.	2007 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15dip: Integration of internal processes
Enterprises using Customer Relationship Management (CRM) software	Notation: e_crman Definition: CRM refers to the use of any software application used for the analysis of information about clients for marketing purposes. Notes: Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Breaks in series because until 2008 economic activities according to NACE Rev 1.1 and from 2009 data are based on NACE Rev.2. Since 2010 data include also sector S 95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment.	2007 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table estat_isoc_bde15dec: E-commerce, customer relation management (CRM) and secure transactions
Enterprises sharing electronic information on the supply chain	Notation: e_sisc Definition: The indicator refers to sending/receiving all type of information on the supply chain (e.g. inventory levels, production plans, forecasts, progress of delivery) via computer networks or via websites, but excluding manually typed e-mail messages. Notes: Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Breaks in series because untill 2008 economic activities according to NACE Rev 1.1 and from 2009 data are based on NACE Rev.2. Since 2010 data include also sector 95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment. Biennial indicator not collected in 2011.	2008 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15disc: Integration with customers/suppliers and SCM
Enterprises sending e-invoices (derived indicator)	Notation: e_invsnd Definition: The indicator refers to sending invoices in an agreed standard format (as EDIFACT, XML, etc) which allows their automatic processing, without the individual message being manually typed. Eurostat variable e_inv3sbg_ap_gt0 Notes: Break in series in 2011 because of a new more precise question. Break in series in 2014 because of introduction of a limitation to invoices sent to business or public organisations.	2009 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15disc: Integration with customers/suppliers and SCM
Enterprises having a web site or homepage	Notation: E_WEB Notes: Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Breaks in series because until 2008 economic activities according to NACE Rev 1.1 and from 2009 data are based on NACE Rev.2. Since 2010 data include also sector S95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment.	2003 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ci_eu_en2: Computers and the internet: enterprises - summary of EU aggregates (NACE Rev. 2 activity)
Enterprises having a website with some sofisticated functionalities	Notation: e_webf2 Definition: Website having at least one of the following four functionalities : product catalogues or price lists (webacc), possibilities for visitors to customise or design the products (webctm), order tracking available online (webot) or personalised content in the website for regular/repeated visitors (webper). Notes: Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Breaks in series because until 2008 economic activities according to NACE Rev 1.1 and from 2009 data are based on NACE Rev.2. Since 2010 data include also sector S95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment.	2009 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ci_eu_en2: Computers and the internet: enterprises - summary of EU aggregates (NACE Rev. 2 activity)
Enterprises providing persons employed a remote access to the enterprise's e-mail system, documents or applications	Notation: e_ra Notes: Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector.	2011 - 2016	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat - ICT Enterprises survey
Enterprises providing portable devices to more than 20% of their employed persons	Notation: e_empmd_gt20 Definition: The devices (portable computers, tablets, smartphones, PDA phones, etc.) should be provided for business use and the enterprises pay for all or at least up to a limit the subscription and the use costs. Notes: Only the 2011 question was limited to portable devices using at least 3G technology to connect to the internet. Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector.	2011 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15b_e: Broadband and connectivity - enterprises
Persons employed which were provided a portable device by their employer (business sector)	Notation: P_EMPMD Definition: The devices (portable computers, tablets, smartphones, PDA phones, etc.) should be provided for business use and the enterprises pay for all or at least up to a limit the subscription and the use costs. Are included only the enterprises with 10 or more persons employed, from all manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Notes: The 2011 question was limited to portable devices using at least 3G technology to connect to the internet.	2011 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ci_eu_en2: Computers and the internet: enterprises - summary of EU aggregates (NACE Rev. 2 activity)
Enterprises using mobile Internet to run business applications	Notation: e_pmd_app Definition: Mobile connection to the Internet for business use to use dedicated business software applications	2012 - 2016	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat - ICT Enterprises survey
Enterprises paying to advertise on the internet	Notation: e_ads Definition: Enterprises paying to advertise on the internet Notes: Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Breaks in series because until 2008 economic activities according to NACE Rev 1.1 and from 2009 data are based on NACE Rev.2. Since 2010 data include also sector S 95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment.	2014 - 2016	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_cismt: Social media use by type
Enterprises with High levels of Digital Intensity	Notation: e_di_hivhi Definition: The Digital Intensity score is based on counting how many out of 12 technologies are used by each enterprise. High levels are attributed to those enterprises using at least 7 of the listed digital technologies. Notes: The 2015 list of technologies includes: usage of internet by a majority of the workers; access to ICT specialist skills; fixed broadband speed > 30 Mbps; mobile devices used by more than 20% of employed persons; has a website; has some sophisticated functions on the website; presence on social media; does e-sales for at least 1% of turnover; exploit the B2C opportunities of web sales; use an ERP software; use a CRM software; share electronically supply chain management information. In 2016 the last 3 indicators have been replaced with: pay to advertise on the internet; purchase cloud computing advanced services; send eInvoices. There is thus a break in series with in general a reduction of the digital intensity scores.	2015 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat - ICT Enterprises survey
Enterprises with Very Low level of Digital Intensity	Notation: e_di_vlo Definition: The Digital Intensity score is based on counting how many out of 12 technologies are used by each enterprise. Very Low levels are attributed to those enterprises using no more than 3 of the listed digital technologies. Notes: The 2015 list of technologies includes: usage of internet by a majority of the workers; access to ICT specialist skills; fixed broadband speed > 30 Mbps; mobile devices used by more than 20% of employed persons; has a website; has some sophisticated functions on the website; presence on social media; does e-sales for at least 1% of turnover; exploit the B2C opportunities of web sales; use an ERP software; use a CRM software; share electronically supply chain management information. In 2016 the last 3 indicators have been replaced with: pay to advertise on the internet; purchase cloud computing advanced services; send eInvoices. There is thus a break in series with in general a reduction of the digital intensity scores.	2015 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat - ICT Enterprises survey
Digital Intensity score for Enterprises	Notation: edigint2015 Definition: The Digital Intensity score is based on counting how many out of 12 technologies are used by each enterprise. Then they are divided into four clusters of digital intensity: Very Low (scores 0-3), Low (score 4-6), High (score 7-9), Very High (score 10-12). Notes: The 2015 list of technologies includes: usage of internet by a majority of the workers; access to ICT specialist skills; fixed broadband speed > 30 Mbps; mobile devices used by more than 20% of employed persons; has a website; has some sophisticated functions on the website; presence on social media; does e-sales for at least 1% of turnover; exploit the B2C opportunities of web sales; use an ERP software; use a CRM software; share electronically supply chain management information. In 2016 the last 3 indicators have been replaced with: pay to advertise on the internet; purchase cloud computing advanced services; send eInvoices. There is thus a break in series with in general a reduction of the digital intensity scores.	2015 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat - ICT Enterprises survey
Enterprises using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technologies	Notation: e_rfid Definition: RFID tags or transponders are devices that can be applied to or incorporated into a product or object and transmits data via radiowaves. The indicator includes their use for person identification, for tracking of supply chain and inventory or for after-sales product identification. Notes: Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Since 2010 data include also sector S95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment. Biennial indicator not collected in 2010.	2009 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15dth: Key technologies for the internet of things
Enterprises using RFID technologies for person identification or access control	Notation: e_rfac Definition: RFID tags or transponders are devices that can be applied to or incorporated into a product or object and transmits data via radiowaves.	2011 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15dth: Key technologies for the internet of things
Enterprises using RFID for product identification	Notation: e_rfpsas Definition: RFID tags or transponders are devices that can be applied to or incorporated into a product or object and transmits data via radiowaves. The indicator includes their use for tracking of supply chain and inventory or for after-sales product identification.	2011 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15dth: Key technologies for the internet of things
Enterprises using social media	Notation: e_sm_any Definition: Enterprises using at least one of the following social media: social networks, enterprise's blog or microblog, multimedia content sharing websites, wiki based knowledge sharing tools. Using social media means that the enterprise have a user profile, an account or a user license depending on the requirements and the type of the social media.	2013 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ci_eu_en2: Computers and the internet: enterprises - summary of EU aggregates (NACE Rev. 2 activity)
Use two or more social media	Notation: e_sm_ge2 Definition: Enterprises using two or more of the following social media: social networks, enterprise's blog or microblog, multimedia content sharing websites, wiki based knowledge sharing tools. Using social media means that the enterprise have a user profile, an account or a user license depending on the requirements and the type of the social media.	2013 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ci_eu_en2: Computers and the internet: enterprises - summary of EU aggregates (NACE Rev. 2 activity)
Buy Cloud Computing services used over the internet	Notation: e_cc Definition: Cloud computing refers to purchased ICT services that have all of the following characteristics: are delivered from servers of service providers; can be easily scaled up or down; can be used on-demand by the user without human interaction with the service provider; are paid for, either per user, by capacity used, or they are pre-paid.Eurostat variable e_cc_ge_me Notes: Cloud computing may include connections via Virtual Private Networks (VPN). Optional question in 2015, not all countries have collected the indicator.	2014 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_cicce_use: Cloud computing services
Buy Cloud Computing services of medium-high sophistication	Notation: e_CC_GE_ME Definition: Enterprises purchasing at least one of the following cloud computing services: hosting of the enterprise's database, accounting software applications, CRM software, computing power. Notes: Computed from Eurostat database with the following formula = (e_cc_me) - (e_cc_lo) + (e_cc_hi). Optional question in 2015, not all countries have collected the indicator.	2014 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_cicce_use: Cloud computing services
Enterprises analysing big data from any data source	Notation: e_bd Definition: Analyse big data from any data source	2016 - 2016	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat - ICT Enterprises survey
Digital Skills
Individuals who have written a computer program using a specialised programming language	Notation: i_cprg Definition: Individuals who have written a computer program using a specialised programming language. Notes: Break in series because before 2015 the activity could have been carried out ever, but since 2015 it refers to the last 12 months .	2003 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_sk_cskl_i: Individuals' level of computer skills
Individuals who have obtained ICT skills through formal educational institutions	Notation: i_skedu Definition: Individuals who have obtained ICT skills through formal educational institutions (school, college, university, etc.)	2005 - 2011	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_sk_how_i: Way of obtaining e-skills
Persons employed using computers with access to the Web at work (business sector)	Notation: P_IUSE Definition: The computers (desktop, laptop, smartphones, etc.) should have access to the World Wide Web and be used at least once a week. Are included only the enterprises with 10 or more persons employed, from all manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Notes: Only the business sector is included in the scope: NACEv2 sectors from C10 to N82 (withouk financial services K) + S951.	2009 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15b_p: Broadband and connectivity - persons employed
workers who judge their current ICT skills insufficient for changing job within a year	Notation: i_cisk_sfjobx Definition: Individuals with an occupation as employees, self-employed or family workers, were asked if they judge their current computer or Internet skills to be sufficient (yes/not) if they were to look for a job or change job within a year.	2011 - 2011	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_sk_cskl_i: Individuals' level of computer skills
Science and technology graduates	Notation: st_grad Definition: Tertiary graduates in science and technology per 1 000 inhabitants aged 20-29 years includes new tertiary graduates in a calendar year from both public and private institutions completing graduate and post graduate studies compared to an age group that corresponds to the typical graduation age in most countries.	2013 - 2016	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table estat_tps00188: Science and technology graduates by sex
Digital Skills Indicator (internet users)	Notation: i-DSK-IU3 Definition: Persons that have been using internet during last 3 months are attributed a score on four digital competence domains: information, communication, content-creation and problem-solving, depending the activities they have been able to do. The scores are basic, above basic and below basic. Individuals not using internet are classified without digital skills. The four digital competence domains are aggregated in four logical groups. Notes: Detailed results are available in the Eurostat table ISOC_SK_DSKL_I. Consult the methodological note on DG CONNECT newsroom.	2015 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_sk_dskl_i: Individuals' level of digital skills
Digital Skills Indicator (all individuals)	Notation: i-DSK-IND Definition: Persons that have been using internet during last 3 months are attributed a score on four digital competence domains: information, communication, content-creation and problem-solving, depending the activities they have been able to do. The scores are basic, above basic and below basic. Individuals not using internet are classified without digital skills. The four digital competence domains are aggregated in four logical groups. Notes: Detailed results are available in the Eurostat table ISOC_SK_DSKL_I. Consult the methodological note on DG CONNECT newsroom.	2015 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_sk_dskl_i: Individuals' level of digital skills
Individuals with basic or above basic digital skills	Notation: i_DSK_BAB Definition: Persons that have been using internet during last 3 months are attributed a score on four digital competence domains: information, communication, content-creation and problem-solving, depending the activities they have been able to do. The scores in each domain are basic, above basic and below basic. Individuals not using internet are classified without digital skills. To be classified "basic or above basic" on the overall indicator an individual has to have basic or above basic skills in all the four Digital Competence domains included in the index: information, communication, content-creation and problem-solving. Notes: Detailed results are available in the Eurostat table ISOC_SK_DSKL_I. Consult the methodological note on DG CONNECT newsroom.	2015 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_sk_dskl_i: Individuals' level of digital skills
Digital Skills - Information domain	Notation: i-DSK-i Definition: Information processing skills refers to the ability to identify, locate, retrieve, store, organise and analyse digital information, judging its relevance and purpose. The indicator is based on five activities internet users have been able to do online during previous 3 months. The scores are basic, above basic and none. Individuals not using internet are classified without digital skills. Notes: Detailed results are available in the Eurostat table ISOC_SK_DSKL_I. Consult the methodological note on DG CONNECT newsroom.	2015 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_sk_dskl_i: Individuals' level of digital skills
Basic or above basic Digital Skills - Information domain	Notation: i_DSK_i_BAB Definition: Information processing skills refers to the ability to identify, locate, retrieve, store, organise and analyse digital information, judging its relevance and purpose. The indicator is based on five activities internet users have been able to do online during previous 3 months. The scores are basic, above basic and none. Individuals not using internet are classified without digital skills. Notes: Detailed results are available in the Eurostat table ISOC_SK_DSKL_I. Consult the methodological note on DG CONNECT newsroom.	2015 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_sk_dskl_i: Individuals' level of digital skills
Digital Skills - Communication domain	Notation: i-DSK-C Definition: These skills refer to the ability to communicate in digital environments, share resources through online tools, link with others and collaborate through digital tools, interact with and participate in communities and networks, cross-cultural awareness. The indicator is based on four activities internet users have been able to do online during previous 3 months. The scores are basic, above basic and none. Individuals not using internet are classified without digital skills. Notes: Detailed results are available in the Eurostat table ISOC_SK_DSKL_I. Consult the methodological note on DG CONNECT newsroom.	2015 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_sk_dskl_i: Individuals' level of digital skills
Basic or above basic Digital Skills - Communication domain	Notation: i_DSK_C_BAB Definition: These skills refer to the ability to communicate in digital environments, share resources through online tools, link with others and collaborate through digital tools, interact with and participate in communities and networks, cross-cultural awareness. The indicator is based on four activities internet users have been able to do online during previous 3 months. The scores are basic, above basic and none. Individuals not using internet are classified without digital skills. Notes: Detailed results are available in the Eurostat table ISOC_SK_DSKL_I. Consult the methodological note on DG CONNECT newsroom.	2015 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_sk_dskl_i: Individuals' level of digital skills
Digital Skills - Problem solving domain	Notation: i-DSK-PS Definition: Problem solving skills refers to the ability to identify digital needs and resources, make informed decisions as to which are the most appropriate digital tools according to the purpose or need, solve conceptual problems through digital means, creatively use technologies, solve technical problems, update one's own and others' competences. The indicator is based on three basic digital problems and familiarity with four online services internet users have been able to do during previous 3 months. The scores are basic, above basic and none. Individuals not using internet are classified without digital skills. Notes: Detailed results are available in the Eurostat table ISOC_SK_DSKL_I. Consult the methodological note on DG CONNECT newsroom.	2015 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_sk_dskl_i: Individuals' level of digital skills
Basic or above basic Digital Skills - Problem solving domain	Notation: i_DSK_PS_BAB Definition: Problem solving skills refers to the ability to identify digital needs and resources, make informed decisions as to which are the most appropriate digital tools according to the purpose or need, solve conceptual problems through digital means, creatively use technologies, solve technical problems, update one's own and others' competences. The indicator is based on three basic digital problems and familiarity with four online services internet users have been able to do during previous 3 months. The scores are basic, above basic and none. Individuals not using internet are classified without digital skills. Notes: Detailed results are available in the Eurostat table ISOC_SK_DSKL_I. Consult the methodological note on DG CONNECT newsroom.	2015 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_sk_dskl_i: Individuals' level of digital skills
Digital Skills - Software for content manipulation	Notation: i-DSK-S Definition: Software skills for content manipulation refer to the ability to create and edit new content (from word processing to images and video); integrate and re-elaborate previous knowledge and content; produce creative expressions, media outputs and programming; deal with and apply intellectual property rights and licences. The indicator is based on six activities internet users have been able to do during previous 3 months. The scores are basic, above basic and none. Individuals not using internet are classified without digital skills. Notes: Detailed results are available in the Eurostat table ISOC_SK_DSKL_I. Consult the methodological note on DG CONNECT newsroom.	2015 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_sk_dskl_i: Individuals' level of digital skills
Basic or above basic Digital Skills - Software for content manipulation	Notation: i_DSK_S_BAB Definition: Software skills for content manipulation refer to the ability to create and edit new content (from word processing to images and video); integrate and re-elaborate previous knowledge and content; produce creative expressions, media outputs and programming; deal with and apply intellectual property rights and licences. The indicator is based on six activities internet users have been able to do during previous 3 months. The scores are basic, above basic and none. Individuals not using internet are classified without digital skills. Notes: Detailed results are available in the Eurostat table ISOC_SK_DSKL_I. Consult the methodological note on DG CONNECT newsroom.	2015 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_sk_dskl_i: Individuals' level of digital skills
Digital skills indicator (internet users) - pilot 2012/2014	Notation: digskillindex Definition: Persons that have been using internet during last 3 months are attributed a score on four digital competence domains: information, communication, content-creation and problem-solving, depending the activities they have been able to do. The scores are basic, above basic and below basic. Individuals not using internet are classified without digital skills. The four digital competence domains are aggregated in four logical groups. Notes: This indicator has been piloted on the 2012 and 2014 micro-data from the Eurostat community survey on ICT usage by Households/Individuals using some proxy variables. It is not fully comparable with the regular implementation starting with the 2015 survey.	2012 - 2014	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_sk_dskl_i: Individuals' level of digital skills
Individuals with basic or above basic digital skills - pilot 2012/2014	Notation: digskillindex_basicandabove Definition: Persons that have been using internet during last 3 months are attributed a score on four digital competence domains: information, communication, content-creation and problem-solving, depending the activities they have been able to do. The scores in each domain are basic, above basic and below basic. Individuals not using internet are classified without digital skills. To be classified "basic or above basic" on the overall indicator an individual has to have basic or above basic skills in all the four Digital Competence domains included in the index: information, communication, content-creation and problem-solving. Notes: This indicator has been piloted on the 2012 and 2014 micro-data from the Eurostat community survey on ICT usage by Households/Individuals using some proxy variables. It is not fully comparable with the regular implementation starting with the 2015 survey.	2012 - 2014	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_sk_dskl_i: Individuals' level of digital skills
ICT Specialist
Enterprises employing ICT specialists	Notation: E_ITSP2 Definition: ICT specialists are employees for whom ICT is the main job. For example, to develop, operate or maintain ICT systems or applications. Notes: Limited comparability between 2007 and 2012 because of changes in the wording of the question. Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector.	2012 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ci_eu_en2: Computers and the internet: enterprises - summary of EU aggregates (NACE Rev. 2 activity)
Enterprises reporting hard-to-fill vacancies for jobs requiring ICT specialist skills	Notation: E_ITSPVAC2 Definition: Hard-to-fill vacancies during the previous calendar year refer to a range of situations in which enterprises find it difficult to find persons with particular skills (hard-to-fill vacancies due to skills shortage). Notes: Limited comparability between 2007 and 2012 because of changes in the wording of the question. Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector.	2012 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ci_eu_en2: Computers and the internet: enterprises - summary of EU aggregates (NACE Rev. 2 activity)
Persons Employed with ICT Specialist Skills (broad measure)	Notation: ict_spec3_broad Definition: The definition of the ICT Specialists' occupations is based on the new ISCO-08 classification. It includes ICT service managers (code 133), ICT professionals (25), ICT technicians (35) and some other groups, from electronic and telecomunnications engineers (215) up to ICT installers and servicers (7422). Where 4-digit data was not available, the share of computing graduates in the corresponding 3-digit data was estimated. See metadata fiche for a complete explanation of the methodology (Eurostat table isoc_sks_itspt) Notes:* The definition of the ICT Specialists' occupations before 2010 is based on ISCO-88. It includes codes 213, 312, 313, 1236, 2144, 2359, 3114, 7242, 7243. Due to change of the classification and the related definition, the data on ICT Specialists for 2011 and later are not fully comparable with previous years.	2004 - 2016	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_sks_itspt: ICT specialists - total
Enterprises where ICT functions are mainly performed by external suppliers	Notation: E_IT_MEXT Definition: The majority of ICT functions, out of a list of seven, are mainly performed by external suppliers and not by own employees or by ICT specialist in parent or affiliate enterprises. The functions include: maintenance of ICT infrastructures, support for office software, development and support for web solutions or business management software/systems (e.g. ERP, CRM, HR, databases), security and data protection. Notes: Detailed results are available in the Eurostat table ISOC_CI_EU_EN2.	2015 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ci_eu_en2: Computers and the internet: enterprises - summary of EU aggregates (NACE Rev. 2 activity)
Enterprise provided training to their personnel to develop/upgrade their ICT skills	Notation: E_ITT2 Definition: Detailed results are available in the Eurostat table ISOC_SKE_ITTN2.	2012 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ske_ittn2 : Enterprises that provided training to develop/upgrade ICT skills of their personnel (NACE Rev. 2 activity)
ICT in Education
Computers for educational purposes	Notation: eun_computers Definition: Computers used for educational purposes include desktop, laptop, netbook or tablet computer, whether or not connected to the internet	2006 - 2012	Find countries Find breakdowns	ESSIE Survey about ICT in Education - SMART 2010/0039
Schools having a website	Notation: eun_web Definition: Own home page or web site available at school.	2006 - 2012	Find countries Find breakdowns	ESSIE Survey about ICT in Education - SMART 2010/0039
eHealth
seeking online information about health	Notation: i_ihif Definition: Individuals using internet in the last 3 months, seeking information about health: injury, disease, nutrition, improving health, etc.	2003 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15cua: Internet use and activities
making an appointment with a practitioner via a website	Notation: I_IUMAPP Definition: Individuals have used Internet, in the last 3 months, for making an appointment with a practitioner via a website (e.g. of a hospital or a health care centre) Notes: Biennial indicator	2012 - 2016	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15cua: Internet use and activities
GPs using electronic networks to transfer prescriptions to pharmacists	Notation: HIE_use_pharm Definition: Percentatge of general practitioners using electronic networks to transfer prescriptions to pharmacists	2013 - 2013	Find countries Find breakdowns	Benchmarking deployment of eHealth among General Practitioners
GPs exchanging medical patient data with other healthcare providers and professionals	Notation: HIE_use_ex_admin Definition: Percentatge of general practitioners using electronic networks to exchange medical patient data with other healthcare providers and professionals	2013 - 2013	Find countries Find breakdowns	Benchmarking deployment of eHealth among General Practitioners
Security and Privacy
Individuals experienced financial loss	Notation: I_SECFL Definition: Individuals experienced financial loss due to fraudulent payment (credit or debit) card use OR as a result of receiving fraudulent messages ('phishing') or getting redirected to fake websites asking for personal information ('pharming').	2010 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_cisci_pb: Security related problems experienced through using the internet for private purposes
Individuals experienced abuse of personal information and/or other privacy violations	Notation: I_SECPIF1 Definition: Individuals experienced abuse of personal information sent on the Internet and/or other privacy violations (e.g. abuse of pictures, videos, personal data uploaded on community websites)	2010 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_cisci_pb: Security related problems experienced through using the internet for private purposes
Individuals caught a virus or other computer infection resulting in loss of information or time	Notation: I_SECVIR1 Definition: Individuals caught a virus or other computer infection (e.g. worm or Trojan horse) resulting in loss of information or time	2010 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_cisci_pb: Security related problems experienced through using the internet for private purposes
Security concerns kept individual from ordering or buying online	Notation: I_SBGOOD Definition: Security concerns kept individual from ordering or buying goods or services for private use	2010 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_cisci_ax: Activities via internet not done because of security concerns
Individuals who know that cookies can be used to trace movements of people on the internet	Notation: I_COOK Definition: Individuals who know that cookies can be used to trace movements of people on the internet	2015 - 2016	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_cisci_prv: Privacy and protection of personal information
Individuals using anti-tracking software	Notation: i_atsw Definition: Individuals using anti-tracking software	2016 - 2016	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_cisci_prv: Privacy and protection of personal information
Individuals not allowing use of personal information for advertising	Notation: i_piacadv Definition: Individuals not allowing use of personal information for advertising	2016 - 2016	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_cisci_prv: Privacy and protection of personal information
Enterprises advertising online based on the geolocation of internet users	Notation: e_ads_loc Definition: Pay to advertise on the internet, based on the geolocation of internet users	2016 - 2016	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_cismt: Social media use by type
Enterprises tracking internet users for targeted advertising	Notation: e_ads_trk Definition: Pay to advertise on the internet, based on the tracking of internet users' past activities or profile	2016 - 2016	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_cismt: Social media use by type
Enterprises with a formally defined ICT security policy	Notation: E_SECPOL1	2010 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ci_eu_en2: Computers and the internet: enterprises - summary of EU aggregates (NACE Rev. 2 activity)
ICT sector
Export of ICT goods and services	Notation: ict_exp Definition: ICT goods include: Computers and peripheral equipment, Communication equipment, Consumer electronic equipment, Electronic components and Miscellaneous. ICT services include: Communications services, Computer and information services. The value of exports cover both intra- and extra- EU. Notes: The HS classifications used over time (HS1997, HS2002, HS2007) are bridged using the method described in the OECD document DSTI/ICCP/IIS(2010)5.	2007 - 2011	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat - Trade statistics
Import of ICT goods and services	Notation: ict_imp Definition: ICT goods include: Computers and peripheral equipment, Communication equipment, Consumer electronic equipment, Electronic components and Miscellaneous. ICT services include: Communications services, Computer and information services. The value of import cover both intra- and extra- EU. Notes: The HS classifications used over time (HS1997, HS2002, HS2007) are bridged using the method described in the OECD document DSTI/ICCP/IIS(2010)5.	2007 - 2011	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat - Trade statistics
Employment of the ICT sector	Notation: employment_ict Definition: Number of persons employed. In the System of National Accounts (SNA) this is defined as all persons, both employees and self-employed, engaged in some productive activity that falls within the production boundary of the SNA and that is undertaken by a resident institutional unit.	2006 - 2014	Find countries Find breakdowns	JRC-IPTS Reports on Public ICT R&D Expenditures
Value added of the ICT sector	Notation: val_add_ict Definition: Value added. In the System of National Accounts it is defined as the value of output less the value of intermediate consumption; it is a measure of the contribution to GDP made by an individual producer, industry or sector.	2006 - 2014	Find countries Find breakdowns	JRC-IPTS Reports on Public ICT R&D Expenditures
Business R&D expenditure of the ICT sector	Notation: bs_rd_expen_ict Definition: Intramural expenditures on R&D performed within business enterprise sector during a specific period, whatever the source of funds (Frascati Manual).	2006 - 2014	Find countries Find breakdowns	JRC-IPTS Reports on Public ICT R&D Expenditures
Labour productivity of the ICT sector (per person)	Notation: labour_prod_ict Definition: Is defined as value added per unit of labour input (persons employed).	2006 - 2014	Find countries Find breakdowns	JRC-IPTS Reports on Public ICT R&D Expenditures
EU Research and Development Programs
GBAORD - Government budget appropriations or outlays for research and development	Notation: gbaord Definition: GBAORD include all appropriations (government spending) given to R&D in central (or federal) government budgets. Provincial (or State) government posts are only included if the contribution is significant. Local government funds are excluded Notes: From 2006 onwards figures were revised and updated by PREDICT 2 project	2006 - 2014	Find countries Find breakdowns	JRC-IPTS Reports on Public ICT R&D Expenditures
Public ICT R&D spending (GBAORD in the field of ICT)	Notation: gbaord_ict Definition: Estimate of the ICT share in existing disaggregated GBAORD data, based on the assumption that the share of research in the ICT field in GBAORD expenditure is proportional to the share of ICT specialists in the R&D labour cost. Methodology developped and implemented by JRC-IPTS. Notes: From 2006 onwards figures were revised and updated by PREDICT 2 project	2006 - 2013	Find countries Find breakdowns	JRC-IPTS Reports on Public ICT R&D Expenditures
Total EC funding to participants in H2020 ICT projects	Notation: H2020_EC_funding Definition: Value of European Commission funding committed through grant agreements signed, during the reference year, with participants in ICT research projects under Horizon 2020 (LEIT ICT, Excellent Science, Societal Challenges 1, 6 and 7). Projects under negotiation are not included.	2014 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	CORDA
Total cost of H2020 ICT projects	Notation: H2020_TOTcost Definition: Value of the total cost of the ICT research projects for which a grant agreement was signed in the reference year, under the Horizon 2020 LEIT ICT, Excellent Science, Societal Challenges 1, 6 and 7). Total cost of the project is the sum of participants' total costs.	2014 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	CORDA
H2020 effective cofinancing rate	Notation: H2020_cofin Definition: The cofinancing rate is the % of projects total costs which are covered by EC funding grants.	2014 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	CORDA
Total number of participations in H2020 ICT projects	Notation: H2020_particip Definition: Each project has multiple partners participating and each partner can participate in multiple projects. For each participation there could be an EC funding (some participations do not receive EC funding).	2014 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	CORDA
Average EC funding per participation in H2020 ICT projects	Notation: H2020ICT_afxp Definition: EC funding is the funding committed by the European Commission through grant agreements signed during the reference year. The indicator measures the average EC funding attributed to each partner participation in a specific project.	2014 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	CORDA
Number of distinct organisations participating in H2020 ICT projects	Notation: H2020_organisations Definition: Organisations participating in H2020 ICT projects during the reference year.	2014 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	CORDA
Number of distinct organisations participating in H2020 ICT projects for the first time	Notation: H2020_newENTRY Definition: Organisations participating for the first time in H2020 ICT calls, and which have not participated in FP7 ICT calls during 2007-2013 period.	2014 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	CORDA
EC funding to participants in FP7-ICT projects	Notation: FP7ICT_EC_funding Definition: Value of European Commission funding committed through grant agreements signed, during the reference year, with participants in ICT research projects under the EU's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7). Projects under negotiation are not included.	2007 - 2013	Find countries Find breakdowns	EC - FP7 ICT research projects
Total cost of FP7-ICT projects	Notation: FP7ICT_TOTcost Definition: Value of the total cost of the ICT research projects for which a grant agreement was signed in the reference year, under the EU's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7). Total cost of the project is the sum of participants' total costs.	2007 - 2013	Find countries Find breakdowns	EC - FP7 ICT research projects
FP7 EC effective cofinancing rate	Notation: FP7ICT_cofin Definition: The cofinancing rate is the % of projects total costs which are covered by EC funding grants. Figures include all partners and third parties (as subcontractors).	2007 - 2013	Find countries Find breakdowns	EC - FP7 ICT research projects
Total number of participations in FP7-ICT projects	Notation: FP7ICT_particip Definition: Each project has multiple partners participating and each partner can participate in multiple projects. For each participation there could be an EC funding (some participations do not receive EC funding). Third parties are included as partners, receiveing or not EU funding.	2007 - 2013	Find countries Find breakdowns	EC - FP7 ICT research projects
Average EC funding per participation in FP7-ICT projects	Notation: FP7ICT_afxp Definition: EC funding is the funding committed by the European Commission through grant agreements signed during the reference year. The indicator measure the average EC funding attributed to each partner participation in a specific project.	2007 - 2013	Find countries Find breakdowns	EC - FP7 ICT research projects
Number of distinct organisations participating in FP7-ICT projects for the first time	Notation: FP7ICT_newENTRY Definition: The first call of FP7 ICT was in 2007 and all participants are considered as new ones. For each of the following years are counted only the organisations participating for the first time in FP7 ICT calls.	2007 - 2013	Find countries Find breakdowns	EC - FP7 ICT research projects
Number of distinct organisations participating in FP7-ICT projects	Notation: FP7ICT_organisations Definition: Organisations participating in FP7 ICT calls for research projects (Cooperation and Capacities and e-infrastructures programs) during the reference year.	2007 - 2013	Find countries Find breakdowns	EC - FP7 ICT research projects
Background variables
Total population	Notation: Population Definition: Total population estimate 1st of January of the same year (Eurostat table demo_pjan)	2000 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat population statistics
GDP - Gross domestic product at market prices	Notation: GDP Definition: Eurostat estimation of GDP and main components - Current prices [nama_gdp_c]	2000 - 2015	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table estat_nama_gdp_c: GDP and main components - Current prices
Number of private Households	Notation: Households Definition: Number of private households (Eurostat table lfst_hhnhwhtc)	2005 - 2014	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table eurostat_lfst_hhnhwhtc: Number of private households by household composition, number of children and working status within households (1 000)
Discontinued indicators
Enterprises that share internally electronic information on sales/purchases	Notation: e_sisorp Definition: Information on sales/purchases is shared electronically and automatically with the software used for any internal function as: the management of inventory levels, the accounting system, the production management or the distribution management. Notes: Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Breaks in series because until 2008 economic activities according to NACE Rev 1.1 and from 2009 data are based on NACE Rev.2. Since 2010 data include also sector S 95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment.	2008 - 2012	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table estat_isoc_bde15dec: E-commerce, customer relation management (CRM) and secure transactions
Enterprises exchanging business documents suitable for automatic processing	Notation: e_ade Definition: The indicator refers to sending/receiving of messages (orders, invoices, payment transactions, transport documents, tax declarations, etc.) to/from other enterprises, public authorities or financial institutions in an agreed or standard format (as EDIFACT, XML, etc) which allows their automatic processing without the individual message being manually typed. Notes: Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Breaks in series because until 2008 economic activities according to NACE Rev 1.1 and from 2009 data are based on NACE Rev.2. Since 2010 data include also sector S 95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment.	2008 - 2012	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15disc: Integration with customers/suppliers and SCM
Enterprises sending or receiving e-invoices in a format suitable for automatic processing	Notation: e_inv Definition: The indicator refers to sending/receiving invoices in an agreed standard format (as EDIFACT, XML, etc) which allows their automatic processing, without the individual message being manually typed Notes: Important break in series due to a more detailed question since 2011. Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Breaks in series because until 2008 economic activities according to NACE Rev 1.1 and from 2009 data are based on NACE Rev.2. Since 2010 data include also sector S 95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment.	2007 - 2013	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_bde15disc: Integration with customers/suppliers and SCM
Enterprises using any computer network for purchases (at least 1%)	Notation: e_ebuy Definition: The purchases realised, during the previous calendar year, via any computer networks should represent at least 1% of the total purchases value (in monetary terms, excluding VAT). Computer networks include websites, EDI-type systems and other means of electronic data transfer, excluding manually typed e-mails. Notes: Since 2011 the indicator is optional, so EU27 estimates cover less countries and are not comparable with previous years. Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Breaks in series because until 2008 economic activities according to NACE Rev 1.1 and from 2009 data are based on NACE Rev.2. Since 2010 data include also sector S 95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment.	2003 - 2017	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table estat_isoc_bde15dec: E-commerce, customer relation management (CRM) and secure transactions
Individuals who have created a Web page	Notation: i_cweb Definition: The activity could have been carried out ever. Only those having ever used the internet were proposed the question.	2003 - 2013	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_sk_iskl_i: Individuals' level of internet skills
Individuals with medium or high computer skills (3 or more of 6 computer activities)	Notation: i_csk_ge_me Definition: The indicator counts individuals having ever carried out at least 3 of the following 6 activities: coping or moving a file or folder, using copy and paste tools, using basic arithmetic formula in a spreadsheet, compressing (or zipping) files, connecting and installing new devices, writing a computer program using a specialised programming language. Only those having ever used a computer were proposed the question.	2005 - 2012	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_sk_cskl_i: Individuals' level of computer skills
Individuals with medium or high internet skills (3 or more of 6 internet activities)	Notation: i_isk_ge_me Definition: The indicator counts individuals having ever carried out at least 3 of the following 6 activities: using a search engine to find information, sending e-mails with attached files, posting messages to chatrooms, newsgroups or an online discussion forum, using the internet to make telephone calls, using peer-to-peer file sharing for exchanging movies or music, creating a webpage. Only those having ever used the internet were proposed the question.	2005 - 2013	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_sk_iskl_i: Individuals' level of internet skills
workers who judge their current ICT skills sufficient for changing job within a year	Notation: i_cisk_sfjob Definition: Individuals with an occupation as employees, self-employed or family workers, were asked if they judge their current computer or Internet skills to be sufficient (yes/not) if they were to look for a job or change job within a year.	2011 - 2011	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_sk_cskl_i: Individuals' level of computer skills
Persons Employed with ICT Specialist Skills	Notation: ict_specialists Definition: The definition of the ICT Specialists' occupations is based on the new ISCO-08 classification. It includes ICT service managers (code 133), ICT professionals (25), ICT technicians (35) and ICT installers and servicers (7422). Notes: New ISCO-08 classification of occupations is used from 2011 reference period, replacing the former ISCO-88. Due to change of the classification and the related definition, the data on ICT Specialists for 2011 and later are not fully comparable with previous years.	2000 - 2013	Find countries Find breakdowns	Pilot of new Digital Skills Indicators
Fixed broadband coverage (2005-2010)	Notation: bb_fcov Definition: Coverage is a supply indicator, defined as the percentage of total/rural population living in areas served by fixed broadband: either DSL or cable modem networks. Notes: Indicator collected until 2010. Then replaced with two different coverage indicators, for standard broadband and NGA respectively.	2005 - 2010	Find countries Find breakdowns	IDATE - Broadband coverage studies (2005-2010)
3G coverage (2005-2010)	Notation: mbb_3gcov Definition: Coverage is a supply indicator defined as the percentage of population living in areas covered by 3G - third generation mobile networks. Notes: Indicator collected until 2010. Then replaced with a more specific one on advanced 3G mobile broadband (HSPA).	2008 - 2010	Find countries Find breakdowns	IDATE - Broadband coverage studies (2005-2010)
Average Revenue per Minute in Retail Mobile Voice Communications	Notation: mob_arpm Definition: Total voice related retail revenues divided by total voice minutes	2010 - 2011	Find countries Find breakdowns	Communications Committee survey
Basic public services for citizens, which are fully available online	Notation: FOA_cit Definition: Percentage of public services for citizens out of a basket of 12 basic services (income taxes, job search, social security benefits, personal documents, car registration, building permissions, declaration to police, public libraries, certificates, enrolment in higher education, announcement of moving, health-related services) for which the entire procedure can be completed online Notes: Collected until 2010.	2001 - 2010	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Reports 2001-2010
Basic public services for enterprises, which are fully available online	Notation: FOA_ent Definition: Percentage of public services for enterprises out of a basket of 8 basic services (social contributions, corporate tax, VAT, company registration, statistical data, customs declaration, environment-related permits, public procurement) for which the entire procedure can be completed online Notes: Collected until 2010.	2001 - 2010	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking Reports 2001-2010
User Centricity Score of eGovernment services	Notation: user_centric_egov Definition: The User centricity score indicates to what extent (information about) a service is provided online and how usable it is (e.g., if support, help and feedback functionality exist online), as well as quality assessments by researchers on the service's ease and speed of use.	2012 - 2013	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking reports 2012-2014
Transparency Score of eGovernment Services	Notation: transparent_egov Definition: The Transparency score indicates to what extent eGovernment services are transparent. It assesses three aspects of transparency: to what extent public authorities are transparent regarding their own responsibilities and performance, to what extent they are transparent regarding the process of service delivery, and to what extent they are transparent regarding the personal data involved in service delivery.	2012 - 2013	Find countries Find breakdowns	eGovernment Benchmarking reports 2012-2014
interacting online with public authorities, last 3 months	Notation: i_iugov Definition: Individuals have used Internet, in the last 3 months, for interaction with public authorities. It includes obtaining information from public authorities web sites, downloading official forms and sending filled in forms.	2002 - 2010	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ci_ac_i: Internet activities - individuals
sending filled forms to public authorities, over the internet, last 3 months	Notation: i_igovrt Notes: Indicator collected until 2010.	2002 - 2010	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table isoc_ci_ac_i: Internet activities - individuals
Enterprises interacting online with public authorities	Notation: e_igov Definition: Use of internet for interaction with public authorities, in the last calendar year before the survey, includes: obtaining information or forms from websites, returning filled in forms, following administrative procedures completely electronically or offering products in public authorities' electronic procurement sustems (eTendering). Notes: Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed, all manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Break in series in 2011 and 2012 because the structure of the question has changed. Breaks in series because until 2008 sectors follow economic activities according to NACE Rev 1.1 and from 2009 data are based on NACE Rev.2. Since 2010 data include also sector S 95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment.	2003 - 2013	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table estat_isoc_bde15dec: E-commerce, customer relation management (CRM) and secure transactions
Enterprises returning filled in forms to public authorities, over the internet	Notation: e_igovrt Definition: Activity carried out over the internet, in the last calendar year before the survey. Notes: Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed. Break in series in 2011 and 2012 because the question has changed. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector. Breaks in series because until 2008 economic activities according to NACE Rev 1.1 and from 2009 data are based on NACE Rev.2. Since Since 2010 data include also sector S 95.1-Repair of computers and communication equipment.	2003 - 2013	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table estat_isoc_bde15dec: E-commerce, customer relation management (CRM) and secure transactions
Enterprises submitting a proposal in a public electronic tender system (eProcurement)	Notation: e_igov2pr Definition: Tender proposals should have been submitted in the system itself and not by email, in the last calendar year before the survey. Notes: Data from previous years are not comparable because the structure of the question has changed. Enterprises with 10 or more persons employed, carrying out this activity over the internet in the last calendar year before the survey. All manufacturing and service sectors, excluding the financial sector.	2011 - 2013	Find countries Find breakdowns	Eurostat, Table estat_isoc_bde15dec: E-commerce, customer relation management (CRM) and secure transactions

e_itspvac	Notation: e_itspvac	2007 - 2007	Find countries Find breakdowns
e_itsp	Notation: e_itsp	2007 - 2007	Find countries Find breakdowns

DIGITAL SINGLE MARKET

Digital Agenda key indicators